Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) is a new type of functional polymer material. It has a high water absorption function of absorbing hundreds to thousands of times heavier than itself, and has excellent water retention performance.
Once it absorbs water and swells into a hydrogel, it is difficult to separate the water even if it is pressurized. Therefore, it is widely used in various fields such as personal hygiene products, industrial and agricultural production, civil construction and so on.
Super absorbent resin is a class of macromolecules containing hydrophilic groups and cross-linked structures. It was first prepared by Fanta et al. by grafting starch with polyacrylonitrile and then saponifying it. According to the raw materials, there are starch systems (grafts, carboxymethylation, etc.), cellulose systems (carboxymethylation, grafts, etc.), synthetic polymer systems (polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene) Vinyl, etc.) several categories.
Among them, polyacrylic acid-based superabsorbent resins have a series of advantages such as low production cost, simple process, high production efficiency, strong water absorption capacity, and long product shelf life compared with starch-based and cellulose-based resins, and have become a research hotspot in this field.
Because sodium polyacrylate super absorbent resin has great water absorption capacity and excellent water retention performance, it has a wide range of applications in agriculture and forestry as a soil water retention agent.
If a small amount of super absorbent sodium polyacrylate is added to the soil, the germination rate of certain beans and the drought resistance of soybean seedlings can be improved, and the air permeability of the soil can be enhanced.
In addition, due to the hydrophilicity and excellent antifogging and anti-condensation properties of the super absorbent resin, it can be used as a new packaging material. Packaging films made of the unique properties of super absorbent polymers can effectively maintain food freshness.
Adding a small amount of super absorbent polymer in cosmetics can also increase the viscosity of the emulsion, which is an ideal thickener. Utilizing the characteristics of super absorbent polymer that only absorbs water but not oil or organic solvent, it can also be used as a dehydrating agent in industry.
Due to the characteristics of non-toxic, non-irritating to human body, no side reactions, and no blood coagulation, super absorbent polymers have been widely used in the field of medicine in recent years.
For example, it is used for external ointment with high water content and comfortable use; the production of medical bandages and cotton balls that can absorb surgical and traumatic bleeding and secretions, and can prevent purulence; manufacture of antibacterial drugs that allow moisture and pharmaceuticals to pass, but microorganisms cannot penetrate. Infectious artificial skin, etc.
With the development of science and technology, environmental protection has attracted more and more people's attention. If the super absorbent polymer is put into a bag soluble in sewage, and the bag is immersed in the sewage, when the bag is dissolved, the super absorbent polymer can quickly absorb the liquid and solidify the sewage.
In the electronics industry, super absorbent polymers can also be used as humidity sensors, moisture measurement sensors and water leakage detectors. Super absorbent polymers can be used as heavy metal ion adsorbents and oil-absorbing materials.
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